{"id":63859,"date":"2022-10-27T05:55:07","date_gmt":"2022-10-27T05:55:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/type-of-sensors-glossary\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T12:30:47","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T12:30:47","slug":"type-of-sensors-glossary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/type-of-sensors-glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Typ sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f – Slovn\u00edk"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u011bli byste si b\u00fdt v\u011bdomi toho, \u017ee prim\u00e1rn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st ka\u017ed\u00e9ho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho fotoapar\u00e1tu, spolu s digit\u00e1ln\u00edm NV vybaven\u00edm, je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za zachycen\u00ed sv\u011btla, kter\u00e9 proch\u00e1z\u00ed objektivem a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed sn\u00edmek. <\/span>Doty\u010dn\u00fd komponent se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 senzor. <\/span>Senzor je v podstat\u011b fyzick\u00fd objekt, kter\u00fd shroma\u017e\u010fuje sv\u011btlo a p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed ho na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed obraz, kter\u00fd se zobrazuje na druh\u00e9m konci na monitoru. <\/span>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed s \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lou druh\u016f integrovan\u00fdch senzor\u016f.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

CMOS sn\u00edma\u010d<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou sn\u00edma\u010de CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor). <\/span>S pomoc\u00ed nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch technologi\u00ed je CMOS schopen dos\u00e1hnout extr\u00e9mn\u011b vysok\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed do mikro\u010dip\u016f s vysoce \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdmi a kompaktn\u00edmi vestav\u011bn\u00fdmi elektrick\u00fdmi obvody.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

CCD sn\u00edma\u010d<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ed sn\u00edma\u010di CMOS byly vyrobeny sn\u00edma\u010de CCD (charge-coupled device). <\/span>V akademick\u00fdch, klinick\u00fdch a profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch syst\u00e9mech, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed nejjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obrazov\u00e1 data, se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obrazov\u00e9 sn\u00edma\u010de CCD. <\/span>Sn\u00edma\u010de CMOS se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, kter\u00e1 nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysoce kvalitn\u00ed obraz, jako jsou profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed fotoapar\u00e1ty a dal\u0161\u00ed podobn\u00e9 produkty. <\/span>Proto\u017ee CMOS vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologii, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro no\u010dn\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed se sn\u00edma\u010di CMOS jsou levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159\u00edstroje se sn\u00edma\u010di CCD.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u011bhem 50. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed byly vytvo\u0159eny chlazen\u00e9 IR senzory pro vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. <\/span>Tento konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed typ IR senzoru m\u00e1 nev\u00fdhodu v tom, \u017ee vy\u017eaduje dal\u0161\u00ed komponenty pro dosa\u017een\u00ed provozn\u00edch teplot od -70 do -150 \u00b0C, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje velikost a hmotnost termovizn\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. <\/span>Tato p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 chladic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou n\u00e1kladn\u00e1, vy\u017eaduj\u00ed zdlouhavou proceduru ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed, spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed hodn\u011b energie a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed prvn\u00edho sn\u00edmku na termovizn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstroji trv\u00e1 10 a\u017e 20 minut. <\/span>Proto\u017ee vy\u017eaduj\u00ed technologii s lep\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdkonem, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje detekci na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti a nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed gadget, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m poskytne okam\u017eit\u00fd obraz, termovizn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed tohoto druhu se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v arm\u00e1d\u011b (zejm\u00e9na ve vojensk\u00e9 doprav\u011b).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nechlazen\u00fdch IR senzor\u016f, kter\u00e9 typicky vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed senzory zalo\u017een\u00e9 na mikrobolometrech, za\u010dalo v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. <\/span>Mikrobolometry slo\u017een\u00e9 z oxidu vanadi\u010dn\u00e9ho (VOx) nebo amorfn\u00edho k\u0159em\u00edku (ASi) jsou dv\u011b nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druhy, kter\u00e9 jsou dnes k dispozici. <\/span>Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee nechlazen\u00e9 IR senzory jsou levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e chlazen\u00e9 IR senzory a nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed chladic\u00ed komponenty, \u010din\u00ed tyto termovizn\u00ed syst\u00e9my p\u0159enosn\u00fdmi, lehk\u00fdmi a energeticky \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdmi. <\/span>Nav\u00edc nab\u00edzej\u00ed okam\u017eit\u00fd obraz, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee si jej m\u016f\u017eete prohl\u00e9dnout p\u0159\u00edmo po zapnut\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ochlazovac\u00ed procesy). <\/span>Nechlazen\u00e9 IR senzory jsou m\u00e9n\u011b citliv\u00e9, funguj\u00ed h\u016f\u0159e a detekuj\u00ed obrazy pomaleji ne\u017e chlazen\u00e9 IR senzory.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dva nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed typy mikrobolometr\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v dne\u0161n\u00edch termovizn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech jsou mikrobolometr s amorfn\u00edm k\u0159em\u00edkem (ASi) (nechlazen\u00fd IR senzor) a mikrobolometr s oxidem vanadi\u010dn\u00fdm (VOx) (nechlazen\u00fd IR senzor). <\/span>Oba jsou vyrobeny tak, aby fungovaly stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem (jejich z\u00e1kladn\u00ed technologie jsou analogick\u00e9), ale hlavn\u00edm rozd\u00edlem je typ materi\u00e1lu pou\u017eit\u00e9ho ke konstrukci senzoru.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Typ<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u011bli byste si b\u00fdt v\u011bdomi toho, \u017ee prim\u00e1rn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st ka\u017ed\u00e9ho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho fotoapar\u00e1tu, spolu s digit\u00e1ln\u00edm NV vybaven\u00edm, je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[869],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novinky-z-oboru"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63859","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63859"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63859\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63859"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63859"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thermaldevices.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}